焚燒 [py] fen2shao1 [wg] fen-shao [ko] punso [ja] フンショウ funshou ||| To set fire to; to burn (up). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無上 [py] wu2shang4 [wg] wu-shang [ko] musang [ja] ムジョウ mujou ||| (anuttaraa). (1) Most, best, greatest, unsurpassed (anuttaraa). (2) The Buddha's wisdom. (3) Far. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無上依經 [py] Wu2shang4yi1 jing1 [wg] Wu-shang-i ching [ko] Musangûi kyông [ja] ムジョウエキョウ Mujoue kyou ||| Wushangyi jing; 2 fasc., trans. Paramaartha 眞諦. T 669.16.468a-477c. Full title Wushangyi jing 佛説無上依經. [Credit] acm(entry)

無上正等菩提 [py] wu2shang4 zheng4deng3 pu2ti2 [wg] wu-shang ch'eng-t'ung p'u-ti [ko] musang jôngdûng pori [ja] ムジョウジョウドウボダイ mujoujoudoubodai ||| peerless correct perfect enlightenment. Skt. anuttaraa-sa.myak-sa.mbodhi. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無上正等覺 [py] wu2 shang4 zheng4 deng3 jue2 [wg] wu-shang ch'eng-t'ung chiao [ko] musang jôngdûnggak [ja] ムジョウジョウドウガク mujoujoudougaku ||| Skt. anuttaraa-sa.myak-sa.mbodhi; "peerless correct perfect enlightenment." [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無上法王 [py] wu2shang4 fa3wang2 [wg] wu-shang fa-wang [ko] musang pôbwang [ja] ムジョウホウオウ mujouhouou ||| The 'unsurpassed king of the dharma.' A term of respect for the Buddha. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無二 [py] wu2er4 [wg] wu-erh [ko] mui [ja] ムニ muni ||| "Not-two;" 'non-duality.' (1) The lack of dualistic opposition (advaya). (2) The lack of a second (thing) (advitiiya). (3) The lack of the dichotomy of a falsely discriminated subject and object (dvaya-abhaava). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無住處涅槃 [py] wu2zhu4chu4 nie4pan2 [wg] wu-chu-ch'u nieh-p'an [ko] mujuch'ô yôlban [ja] ムジュウショネハン mujuusho nehan ||| The nirvaana of abiding in neither sa.msaara nor nirvaana. Though not being stuck in the world, one enters the world out of great compassion in order to save sentient beings from suffering (apratisthita-nirvaana). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無作 [py] wu2zuo4 [wg] wu-tso [ko] mujak [ja] ムサ musa ||| (1) Non-functioning, non-active; no activity. (2) Not artificial or contrived. Natural. (3) Uncreated, unconditioned. (4) Without effect. (5) To differ in quality; dissimilar. (6) The absence of a desiring mind. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無作四諦 [py] wu2zuo4 si4di4 [wg] wu-tso ssu-ti [ko] mujaksach'e [ja] ムサシタイ musashitai ||| The four uncreated noble truths, as opposed to the Four Created Noble Truths (`Sriimaalaa-suutra, T vol. 12, p. 221b). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無倒 [py] wu2dao4 [wg] wu-tao [ko] mudo [ja] ムトウ mudou ||| (aviparyaya) (1) No perversion, no inversion, no mistaken conception of reality. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無別 [py] wu2bie2 [wg] wu-pieh [ko] mupyôl [ja] ムベツ mubetsu ||| No discrimination; no differentiation (abhinna). [Dictionary References] naka1345d [Credit] acm(entry)

無加行無功用無相住 [py] wu2jia1xing2 wu2gong1yong4 wu2xiang1zhu4 [wg] wu-chia-hsing wu-kung-yung wu-hsiang-chu [ko] mugahaeng mugongyong musangju [ja] ムケコウムクヨウムソウジュウ mukegyou mukuyou musoujuu ||| The bodhisattva's markless stage of no preparatory practices and no efficacy. One of the twelve stages of the bodhisattvas 菩薩二十住 taught in the Yogaacaarabhuumi-`saastra. [Credit] acm(entry)

無垢 [py] wu2gou4 [wg] wu-kou [ko] mugu [ja] ムク muku ||| undefiled, pure, immaculate (vimala, amala, nirmala, vigata-mala). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無垢地 [py] wu2gou4di4 [wg] wu-kou-ti [ko] muguji [ja] ムクジ mukuji ||| The undefiled stage--the second of the ten bhuumis, more commonly known as 離垢地. 〔二障義HPC 1.805a23〕 [Dictionary References] naka1319c [Credit] acm(entry)

無垢忍 [py] wu2gou4ren3 [wg] wu-kou-jen [ko] muguin [ja] ムクニン mukunin ||| The fifth of the "six tolerances (六忍)" taught in the Yingluo jing 瓔珞經. The forbearance gained by a bodhisattva at the stage of Equal Enlightenment 等覺地 when s/he severs the afflictions of ignorance and abides in the purity of the real self-nature. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無始 [py] wu2shi3 [wg] wu-shih [ko] mushi [ja] ムジ muji ||| (anaadi); 'beginningless.' Refers to a situation where no matter how far back (in time) one goes, a beginning point cannot be found. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無學 [py] wu2xue2 [wg] wu-hsüeh [ko] muhak [ja] ムガク mugaku ||| (a`saik.sa). "No-more-learning;" the stage at which one no longer needs religious training, as opposed to 有學 (youxue). Another name for an arhat 阿羅漢 who has completed the course of practice. One who has attained the state of arhat, has already abandoned all defilement, so there remains nothing to learn and practice. The last of the four stages 四果 of the `sraavaka path. (2) Muhak Chach'o 無學自超 (1327-1405). An eminent Korean Sôn monk of the late Koryô period. He was the student of Hyegûn 慧勤 and teacher of Hamhô 涵虚. His career reached its peak just before the full blossoming of the Neo-Confucian-led purge of Buddhism brought about severe structural changes in the Buddhist establishment. Because of these changes, Muhak would end up being Korean Buddhism's last National Teacher 國師. [Dictionary References] naka1317d [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無定 [py] wu2ding4 [wg] wu-ting [ko] mujông [ja] ムジョウ mujou ||| (1) Not decided, not determined, indeterminate. Commonly used in reference to an undecided time limit. (2) Not truly existent. [Dictionary References] naka1334c [Credit] acm(entry)

無屈撓 [py] wu2 qu1 nao2 [wg] wu-ch'ü-nao [ko] mugulyo [ja] ムクツドウ mukutsudou ||| "Without limit." The fourth of the 'ten practices' (十行) stages of the bodhisattva. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無常 [py] wu2chang2 [wg] wu-ch'ang [ko] musang [ja] ムジョウ mujou ||| Skt. anitya; 'impermanence.' The fact that all things are impermanent is one of the basic premises of Buddhism. Everything is in constant motion and change. Lack of an eternal nature. One of the conditioned elements not concomitant with mind in Consciousness-only theory. In this case the term means 'disappearance.' [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無常苦 [py] wu2 chang2 ku3 [wg] wu-ch'ang-ku [ko] musanggo [ja] ムジョウク mujouku ||| The suffering caused by impermanence. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無性 [py] wu2 xing4 [wg] wu-hsing [ko] musông [ja] ムショウ mushou ||| (1) 'No self-nature' (nihsvabhaavatva, nihsvbhaava). (2) That which does not really exist; non-existence; lacking real substance. (3) The lack of inherent existence that could be attached to: emptiness. (4) Lacking buddha-nature. A being who cannot be enlightened no matter how much they strive. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無惠 [py] wu2hui4 [wg] wu-hui [ko] muhye [ja] ムエ mue ||| No wisdom; a synonym for ignorance 無明. 〔二障義HPC 1.792a〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

無想事 [py] wu2xiang3 shi4 [wg] wu-hsiang-shih [ko] musangsa [ja] ムソウジ musouji ||| (asa.mj~nika). 'condition of no-mind.' In Consciousness-only theory, one of the twenty-four elements not concomitant with mind. When one is born into No Thought Heaven, the mental functions of the first six consciousnesses do not arise, and this thoughtless state is what is referred to here. This is an element provisionally established on the seeds of the condition of no mind of the first six senses. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無想天 [py] wu2xiang3 tian1 [wg] wu-hsiang-t'ien [ko] musangch'ôn [ja] ムソウテン musouten ||| (asa.mj~nika); 'no thought heaven.' One of the heavens in the realm of form (色界) where those who have accomplished the no-thought meditation are to be born. As all thoughts are extinguished, practitioners sometimes mistake this state of concentration for nirvaana. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無想定 [py] wu2xiang3 ding4 [wg] wu-hsiang-ting [ko] musangjông [ja] ムソウジョウ musoujou ||| (asa.mj~ni-sa.maapatti); 'non-conceptual concentration.' The state of concentration that is the cause of being born into no-thought heaven. The state of concentration wherein all mental actions and functions of the first six consciousnesses are stopped. A state of spiritual concentration to the extent of which there is no consciousness. In Abhidharmako`sa theory, one of the fourteen elements not concomitant with mind. In Consciousness-only theory, one of the twenty-four elements not concomitant with mind. This concentration is also practiced by non-Buddhists, and is called a tainted concentration with the nature of goodness. It is tainted because the mano-consciousness is still producing self-view. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無想論 [py] Wu2xiang3 lun4 [wg] Wu-hsiang lun [ko] Musangnon [ja] ムソウロン Musouron ||| The Wu-hsiang lun. A section of the Brahmajala-suutra 梵網經, which explains eight of the sixty-two views. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無愧 [py] wu2kui4 [wg] wu-k'uei [ko] mugoe [ja] ムギ mugi ||| (anapatraapya): 'shamelessness.' Listed as one of the greater evil elements in the Abhidharmako`sa-bhaasya and as one of the twenty secondary defilements (隨煩惱) in the doctrine of the Faxiang school. The mental action of not feeling shame toward others, not noticing the world, and selfishly inflicting harm. [Dictionary References] naka1318c [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無慚 [py] wu2can2 [wg] wu-ts'an [ko] much'am [ja] ムザン muzan ||| (Skt. aahriikya, Tib. .no tsha med pa); 'no conscience.' In the Abhidharmako`sa-bhaasya 倶舎論 this is counted as one of the greater defilement elements, and in the doctrine of the Yogaacaara school 瑜伽行派 it is one of the twenty secondary defilement elements (隨煩惱). The mental action of doing evil and not feeling any shame for it. It is one of the 'middling' secondary defilements, and is considered to be a 'real element.' [Dictionary References] naka1325a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無慚外道 [py] wu2can2 wai4dao4 [wg] wu-ts'an wai-tao [ko] much'am oedo [ja] ムザンゲドウ muzan gedou ||| (1) The Saivites (followers of `Siva). (2) The followers of Pakudha-kaccaayana, who believed that it was not necessary to feel shame or remorse for one's sins. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無我 [py] wu2wo3 [wg] wu-wo [ko] mua [ja] ムガ muga ||| The lack of existence of an inherent self, soul, or ego, usually translated into English as "no-self" (Skt. anaatman, Pali anattaa, Tib. bdag me byu.n). This is one of the most important philosophical concepts in all of Buddhism, and is recorded as having been one of the primary realizations attained by `Saakyamuni in his enlightenment experience. [Dictionary References] naka1316c ZGD1201b Iwa779 [Credit] acm(entry)

無所得 [py] wu2suo3de2 [wg] wu-so-te [ko] musodûk [ja] ムショトク mushotoku ||| Lit. "nothing to be attained," which can also be interpreted as "nothing to be attached to." A way of describing the character of enlightenment, which focuses on the lack of attachment and false discrimination in the mind. (apraaptitva) 〔成唯識論T 1585.31.49c〕(2) The condition of non-discrimination between subject and object. (apraaptitva, alabdha). 〔大乘阿毘達磨雜集論T 1606.31.678b〕 (3) A way of describing the concept of emptiness 空. (4) In Ch'an, not to be seeking anything, especially not be attached to the effects of one's efforts. [Dictionary References] naka1329d [Credit] acm(entry)

無所有 [py] wu2suo3you3 [wg] wu-so-yu [ko] musoyu [ja] ムショウ mushou ||| (1) A condition of having overcome affliction; to be beyond the limits of the effects of the afflictions (Pali siimaatiga). (2) Non-existent (naastitva). (3) Unobtainable--synonymous with 無所得. (4) No object to possess. (5) Markless--synonymous with 無相. [Dictionary References] naka1329b [Credit] acm(entry)

無所有處 [py] wu2suo3you3 chu4 [wg] wu-so-yu ch'u [ko] musoyu ch'ô [ja] ムショウショ mushou sho ||| A meditative state in which nothing exists whatsoever. The name of the third of the four loci of the formless realm 無色界--the third of the four formless concentrations 四禪定. (aaki.mcanya-aayatana). [Dictionary References] naka1329b [Credit] acm(entry)

無方 [py] wu2fang1 [wg] wu-fang [ko] mubang [ja] ムホウ muhou ||| (1) Without anxiety or fuss. Free, without hindrance. Easily. (2) Unrestrictedly, limitlessly. (3) No special place (na kvacit). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無明 [py] wu2ming2 [wg] wu-ming [ko] mumyông [ja] ムミョウ mumyou ||| (1) Delusion, ignorance, folly. As the fundamental misunderstanding of reality that underlies all of the sufferings of unenlightened people, it is the first of the twelve limbs of conditioned origination. Rather than a lack of factual knowledge it is a basic error in mode of perception that prevents people from seeing things as they really are (Skt. avidyaa; Pali avijjaa). In the Sarvaastivaadin doctrine it is categorized as one of the elements of the great defiled ground 大煩惱地. In Yogaacaara, it is one of the fundamental defilements 根本煩惱, where it is usually written 癡. [Dictionary References] naka1346c [Credit] acm(entry)

無有 [py] wu2you3 [wg] wu-yu [ko] muyu [ja] ムウ muu ||| Non-existent; unobtainable. [Dictionary References] naka1314c [Credit] acm(entry)

無染 [py] Wu2ran3 [wg] Wu-jan [ko] Muyôm [ja] ムゼン Muzen ||| Muyôm (800-888); one of the early teachers of Sôn in Korea during the Silla period, the founder of the Sôngju san 聖住山 school. He received his Sôn training in China from Ma-ku Pao-ch'e 麻谷寶徹. [Dictionary References] ZGD1209c [Credit] acm(entry)

無條件 [py] wu2 tiao2jian4 [wg] wu-t'iao-chien [ko] mujogôn [ja] ムジョウケン mujouken ||| "Unconditioned." [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無比法 [py] wu2bi3 fa3 [wg] wu-p'i-fa [ko] mubibôp [ja] ムビホウ mubihou ||| The "incomparable dharma." A Chinese translation for the Sanskrit term abhidharma. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無涯 [py] wu2ya2 [wg] wu-ya [ko] muae [ja] ムガイ mugai ||| Boundless, limitless. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無漏 [py] wu2lou4 [wg] wu-lou [ko] muru [ja] ムロ muro ||| (anaasrava) Literally "no-leaking" or "no-outflow." Can also be interpreted as "undefiled" or "untainted." The opposite of 有漏 (youlou) or "possessing outflow." See under 有漏 for further explanation. [Dictionary References] naka1351d [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無漏種子 [py] wu2lou4 zhong3zi2 [wg] wu-lou chung-tzu [ko] muru chongja [ja] ムロシュジ muroshuji ||| 'Undefiled seeds' or 'seeds of no-outflow.' The seeds that the wisdom of enlightenment produces are undefiled seeds. In the aalaya-vij~naana 阿頼耶識 there are defiled seeds, and since the undefiled seeds which must also be stored there would become defiled by contact, it is said that the undefiled seeds are "attached to" the aalaya-vij~naana, rather than kept within the aalaya-vij~naana. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無漏集諦 [py] wu2lou4ji2di4 [wg] wu-lou-chi-ti [ko] muruchipch'e [ja] ムロシュウタイ muroshuutai ||| The undefiled noble truth of arising. 〔二障義、 HPC 1.797b〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

無漏靜慮 [py] wu2lou4jing4lü4 [wg] wu-lou-ching-lü [ko] muru chôngyô [ja] ムロウジョウロ murou jouro ||| The no-outflow meditation, which is able to remove coarse afflictions 麁重 as well as their seeds 種子. 〔瑜伽論T 1579.30.331b7-9〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

無爲 [py] wu2wei2 [wg] wu-wei [ko] muui [ja] ムイ mui ||| (asa.mskrta); 'unconditioned', 'uncreated.' That which is not arisen on the basis of causes and conditions. That which is unconnected with the relationship of cause and effect. Absolutely eternal true reality which transcends arising-changing-cessation. Another name for nirvaana or tathataa. This was originally an important technical term in Taoism. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無爲法 [py] wu2wei2 fa3 [wg] wu-wei fa [ko] muwibôp [ja] ムイホウ muihou ||| (asa.mskrta-dharmaah). Eternal, absolute conditions separated from arising, changing and ceasing. Unconditioned existence. A way of speaking about nirvaana, etc., which is not subject to cause, or the principle of the condition of escape from transmigration. In contrast to 'conditioned existence' (有爲法) unconditioned existence has the meaning of 'eternally existing.' In Abhidharma philosophy, 'conditioned' and 'unconditioned' elements are considered to be impermanent and eternal respectively, each having their own isolated existence. On the other hand, in Consciousness-only theory, both are seen as two aspects of the same thing, the true nature of conditioned existence being that of the absolute existence of unconditioned elements. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無爲逆行 [py] wu2wei2 ni4xing2 [wg] wu-wei ni-hsing [ko] muuiyôkhaeng [ja] ムギャクギョウ muigyakugyou ||| 'not resenting;' One of the 'ten practices' (十行) stages in the career of a bodhisattva. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無生 [py] wu2sheng1 [wg] wu-sheng [ko] musaeng [ja] ムショウ mushou ||| (anutpanna, ajaati). (1) unborn, not produced or arisen, Since the original quality of all things is emptiness, there actually is no such thing as arising, changing and ceasing. Therefore the term is equivalent to 'emptiness.' (2) The transcendence of the world of delusion. The absolute-principle separated from arising and cessation. (3) 'Arhat', or 'nirvaana.' The condition of cessation of all defilements. (4) Death. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無生四眞諦 [py] wu2sheng1 si4 zhen1di4 [wg] wu-sheng ssu-shen-t'i [ko] musaeng sajinch'e [ja] ムショウシシンタイ mushou shishintai ||| In Tiantai thought, the second of the four levels of the Four Noble Truths, taught within the 'shared' 通 (tong) teaching. Here, the truths of suffering, accumulation, cessation and way are all interpreted from the standpoint of emptiness. That is to say, all four are understood to be empty at the Shared Teaching's level of insight. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無生忍 [py] wu2sheng1 ren3 [wg] wu-sheng-jen [ko] musaeng'in [ja] ムショウニン mushounin ||| Skt. anutpattika, dharma-k.sk.saanti; 'cognizance of non-arising.' Also written 無生法忍. The mind at rest in its awakening to the reality of the non-arising of all existences; the enlightenment that is cognizant of complete non-arising. A condition of having realized non-arising and non-cessation for oneself, such that one never backslides into a deluded condition. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無生智 [py] wu2sheng1zhi4 [wg] wu-sheng-chih [ko] musaengji [ja] ムショウチ mushouchi ||| The unarisen wisdom. The tenth of the ten wisdoms 十智 and the second of the two wisdoms 二智. The wisdom of the awareness of the non-arising of future suffering that is experienced upon a complete grasp of the implications of the Four Noble Truths (anutpaadaa-j~naana). [Dictionary References] naka1330d [Credit] acm(entry)

無癡 [py] wu2chi1 [wg] wu-ch'ih [ko] much'i [ja] ムチ muchi ||| Skt. amoha; 'no delusion.' According to the Faxiang school, one of the 'three roots of goodness' (三善根) and one of the eleven 'good mental function' elements. A lack of delusion in the mind; the presence of a clear view regarding the environment. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無癡亂 [py] wu2 chi1luan4 [wg] wu ch'ih-luan [ko] much'iran [ja] ムチラン muchiran ||| 'Not confused.' The fifth of the 'ten practices' (十行) stages in the fifty-two stage career of a bodhisattva. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無盡功徳藏 [py] wu2 jin4 gong1de2 zang4 [wg] wu-chin kung-te ts'ang [ko] mujingongdôkchang [ja] ムジンクドクゾウ mujinkudokuzou ||| The stage of the 'inexhaustible treasury of merit.' The fifth stage of the 'ten dedications of merit' (十廻向) of the path of the bodhisattva. The stage of teaching people the meritorious dharma of the ever-present buddha-nature without exhaustion. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無相 [py] wu2xiang1 [wg] wu-hsiang [ko] musang [ja] ムソウ musou ||| (1) Devoid of marks, characteristics, attributes. (alak.sa.na) 〔華嚴經、 T 278.9.45b〕(2) Lacking form or shape. (nirnimitta)〔維摩經、 T 475.14.540a〕 [Dictionary References] naka1338b [Credit] acm(entry)

無相思塵論 [py] Wu2xiang1 si1chen2 lun4 [wg] Wu-hsiang ssu-ch'en-lun [ko] Musang sachinnon [ja] ムソウシジンロン Musou shijinron ||| The Wuxiang sichen lun; T 1619.31.882-883. [Credit] acm(entry)

無相方便地 [py] wu2xiang1 fang1bian4 di4 [wg] wu-hsiang fang-pien ti [ko] musang pangp'yônji [ja] ムソウホウベンチ musouhoubenji ||| The stage of markless expedient means. The seventh of the ten bhuumis 十地. Also called 遠行地. Here the bodhisattva is able to do characteristic-transcending practice. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無相論 [py] Wu2xiang1 lun4 [wg] Wu-hsiang lun [ko] Musangnon [ja] ムソロン Musouron ||| (1) Wuxiang lun; an abbreviation of the title of the Wuxiang sichen lun 無相思塵論. (2) (?) Also the name of an older Yogaacaara text translated by Paramaartha that exists in fragments such as T 1618 (?) [Credit] acm(entry)

無瞋 [py] wu2chen1 [wg] wu-ch'en [ko] mujin [ja] ムシン mushin ||| Skt. apratigha; 'no-enmity,' 'no-anger.' One of the ten 'virtue-producing mental condition' elements enumerated in the Abhidharmako`sa-bhaasya. In the doctrine of the Yogaacaara school, one of the eleven good mental function dharmas, and one of the 'three roots of goodness' (三善根). The mental function of not becoming angry with anything in the environment. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無礙 [py] wu2ai4 [wg] wu-ai [ko] muae [ja] ムゲ muge ||| unobstructed, unimpeded, unhindered (apratigha, anaavrti). The characteristic of existence taught extensively in the Huayan school. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無端 [py] wu2duan1 [wg] wu-tuan [ko] mudan [ja] ムタン mutan ||| (1) Bottomless, beginningless, originless. (2) Without a cause or reason. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無縛解脱 [py] wu2fu2 jie3tuo1 [wg] wu-fu chieh-t'o [ko] mubakhaet'al [ja] ムバクゲダツ mubakugedatsu ||| 'Unbound emancipation.' The ninth of the 'ten dedications of merit' (十廻向) of the path of the bodhisattva. The stage where one breaks off attachment with the view of all elements being the same, which one experiences through the wisdom of praj~naapaaramitaa. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無色定 [py] wu2se4ding4 [wg] wu-se-ting [ko] musaekchông [ja] ムシキジョウ mushikijou ||| The concentrations of the formless realm. See 四無色定. 〔二障義HPC 1.811b〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

無色界 [py] wu2se4jie4 [wg] wu-se-chieh [ko] musaekkye [ja] ムシキカイ mushikikai ||| The formless realm. The third of the three realms (sanjie 三界). The realm of pure spirit, in which materiality (one's body) is transcended. This realm is characterized by the function of four different types of awareness: (1) the awareness of the limitlessness of emptiness; (2) the awareness of limitless consciousness; (3) the awareness of the limitlessness of nothingness and (4) the awareness of neither thoughtlessness nor non-thoughtlessness. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無色界定 [py] wu2se4jie4ding4 [wg] wu-se-chieh-ting [ko] musaekkyejông [ja] ムシキカイジョウ mushikikaijou ||| The concentrations of the formless realm. See 四無色定. [Dictionary References] naka1316d [Credit] acm(entry)

無著 [py] Wu2zhao2 [wg] Wu-chao [ko] Much'ak [ja] ムジャク Mujaku ||| Asa.nga. Also written 無着. A great exponent of the Yogaacaara School who was a native of Gandhaara in north India in the fourth century CE. Born as a Brahmin's son, he first followed Hiinayaana but was later converted to Mahaayaana. He composed numerous discourses on the Yogaacaara philosophy and practice, including the Mahaayaana-sa.mgraha-`saastra 攝大乘論. In the Tibetan tradition, the Yogaacaarabhuumi-`saastra 瑜伽師地論 is also ascribed to him. Myth says that he often visited Tu.sita Heaven to receive the teaching from Maitreya. His younger brother Vasubandhu 世親 further developed Yogaacaara doctrine. [Dictionary References] iwa783 [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無著行 [py] wu2zhuo1xing2 [wg] wu-chu-hsing [ko] much'akhaeng [ja] ムジャクギョウ mujakugyou ||| 'Unimpeded' The seventh of the 'ten practices' (十行) stages of bodhisattvahood. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無表色 [py] wu2biao3 se4 [wg] wu-piao-se [ko] mup'yosaek [ja] ムヒョウシキ muhyoushiki ||| 'Unmanifest form.' Invisible form. Its existence is acknowledged as a result of inference according to reason. See 戒體 (jieti). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無覆 [py] wu2fu4 [wg] wu-fu [ko] mubok [ja] ムフク mufuku ||| Unhindered, unobstructed, undefiled, pure. (aniv.rta) Opposite of 有覆. [Dictionary References] naka1344c [Credit] acm(entry)

無覆無記 [py] wu2fu4 wu2ji4 [wg] wu-fu wu-chi [ko] mubok mugi [ja] ムフクムキ mufuku muki ||| (1) The opposite of 有覆無記. The neutral nature that does not hinder enlightenment. Pure nature, traceless nature. (akli.s.ta-avyaak.rta). (2) According to the explanation given in the Consciousness-only 唯識 school, since the aalayavij~naana 阿頼耶識 is not obstructed by the adventitious defilements which are based in the sixth consciousness, it is called "unobstructed" 無覆. Since they are matured variantly 異熟, they are not discriminated as good and evil, and are thus called "neutral" 無記 (Skt. anivrta-avyakrta; Tib. ma bsgribs lu.n ma bstan). 〔成唯識論, vol. 31, p. 7b〕 [Dictionary References] naka1344c [Credit] acm(entry)

無覺 [py] wu2jue2 [wg] wu-chüeh [ko] mugak [ja] ムカク mukaku ||| (1) Unconscious. (2) Unenlightened. (3) Sometimes used mistakenly for 無學. (4) Lacking sentiency 非情. [Dictionary References] naka1317c [Credit] acm(entry)

無記 [py] wu2ji4 [wg] wu-chi [ko] mugi [ja] ムキ mugi ||| (1) No response. A reference to the Buddha's silence in reply to metaphysical questions put to him by other philosophers. (2) Neutrality, as opposed to good or evil, which results in no karmic effect (avyaakrta). This is distinguished into two kinds:　Obstructing neutrality 有覆無記 and non-obstructing neutrality 無覆無記. (3) No memory. [Dictionary References] naka1318 [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無貪 [py] wu2tan1 [wg] wu-t'an [ko] mut'am [ja] ムトン muton ||| Skt. alobha; 'not coveting.' One of the ten 'virtue producing mental function' elements listed in the Abhidharmako`sa-bhaasya, one of the eleven 'good mental function' elements in the doctrine of the Yogaacaara school, and also one of the 'three good roots' (三善根). The function of the mind of keeping itself from being infected by avarice. A lack of covetousness--actively disliking and distancing from the object of desire. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無遮 [py] wu2zhe1 [wg] wu-che [ko] much'a [ja] ムシャ musha ||| Non restriction, non-differentiation, non-discrimination. Broad-mindedly and tolerantly not cutting off a person and interrupting their speech. Not blocking the way; non-obstruction. (2) A large teaching assembly where offerings of both the provisions and the teaching are made to all without distinction. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無邊 [py] wu2bian1 [wg] wu-pien [ko] mupyôn [ja] ムヘン muhen ||| (ananta). Without limit. Endless. Spatially unlimited. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

無量壽經 [py] Wu2liang2shou4 jing1 [wg] Wu-liang-shou ching [ko] Muryangsu kyông [ja] ムリョウジュキョウ Muryouju kyou ||| Wuliangshou jing; the Sutra of Infinite Life; 2 fasc., trans. Samgha-varman 康僧鎧T 360.12.265c-279a. One of three basic texts 三部經 of the Pure Land school 浄土宗. This text explains the causal practices and the meritorious virtues attained by Amitaayus (Amitaabha) Buddha; as well as how sentient beings may be reborn in the pure western paradise through the practice of nianfo 念佛. The text's full title is 佛説無量壽經. [Dictionary References] bkj87b ui1046 [Credit] acm(entry)

無量義經 [py] Wu2liang2yi4 jing1 [wg] Wu-liang-i ching [ko] Muryangûi kyông [ja] ムリョウギキョウ Muryougi kyou ||| Wuliangyi jing; 1 fasc., trans. 曇摩伽陀耶舎 T 276.9.383b-389b. [Dictionary References] iwa790 [Credit] acm(entry)

無門關 [py] Wu2men2 guan1 [wg] Wu-men kuan [ko] Mumun kwan [ja] ムモンカン Mumon kan ||| Wumen guan; (Gateless Barrier) 1 fasc., compiled by Zongshao 宗紹. A collection of forty kongan along with commentaries, one of the prime examples of Song period Chan kongan literature. This text has been used as a source for Chan instruction throughout the history of the meditative traditions 禪宗 in East Asia, and has been transmitted in the medative traditions to the West, where it has become one of the most popular texts.T 2005.48.292c-299c. [Credit] acm(entry)

無間 [py] wu2jian1 [wg] wu-chien [ko] mugan [ja] ムゲン mugen ||| (1) At once, immediately, instantaneously. (anantara, aanantarya) Momentary. (2) Uninterrupted, continuous; without break or respite. (3) Abbreviation for 無限地獄. The character here is originally written with �� which has the meaning of "respite" or "break." (4) An abbreviation of 無間道. [Dictionary References] naka1321d [Credit] acm(entry)

無間道 [py] wu2jian1dao4 [wg] wu-chien-tao [ko] mugando [ja] ムげンドウ mugendou ||| The path of no interruption. (1) One of the four paths 四道 taught in the Abhidharmako`sa-bhaasya (加行道、 無間道、 解脱道、 勝進道). Also called the "path of non-obstruction" 無礙道. The stage at which one severs the power of the defilements to attach themselves to one's person. In Consciousness-only theory, the stage at which one gains the determination to destroy affliction.〔倶舎論、 T vol. 24, p. 10〕(2) One of the nine yogas 九瑜伽 in the Yogaacaarabhuumi-`saastra. 〔瑜伽論T 1579.30.346c26〕 [Dictionary References] naka1322d [Credit] acm(entry)

無難 [py] Wu2nan2 [wg] Wu-nan [ko] Bunan [ja] ブナン munan ||| Bunan (1603-1676); monk of the Japanese Rinzai sect. Born in Gifu, but spend most of his career in the Edo area. He was known for his calligraphy skills. [Dictionary References] je24 [Credit] acm(entry)

無餘涅槃 [py] wu2yu2 nie4pan2 [wg] mu-yü nieh-p'an [ko] muyôyôlban [ja] ムヨネハン muyonehan ||| Unconditioned, unlimited nirvaana; "nirvaana without remainder." The state of total liberation from all physical and mental conditions. This is in contrast to nirvaana with remainder, where the body still exists. Also written as 無餘依涅槃. One of the four kinds of nirvaana in the theory of the school of Consciousness-only. The hindrances due to defilement in the mind are cut off, and the body that is composed of the five aggregates is extinguished. Therefore there is nothing remaining to depend upon. In this nirvaana, all hindrances due to defilement are destroyed, so it can be attained by `sraavakas and pratyekabuddhas. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

然燈佛 [py] Ran2deng1 fo2 [wg] Jan-teng fo [ko] Yôngdûngbul [ja] ネントウブツ Nentoubutsu ||| Diipankara Buddha, the 29th predecessor of `Saakyamuni, who always appears when the Buddha preaches the themes of the Lotus Sutra 法華經. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

照了 [py] zhao4 liao3 [wg] chao-liang [ko] choryo [ja] ショウリョウ shouryou ||| To manifest. To enlighten. [Credit] acm(entry)

照寂 [py] zhao4ji2 [wg] chao-chi [ko] chojôk [ja] ショウジャク shoujaku ||| Luminous and quiescent: a description of the characteristics of suchness. Also written 寂照. 〔二障義HPC 1.805b1〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

照曜 [py] zhao4yao4 [wg] chao-yao [ko] choyo [ja] ショウヨウ shouyou ||| To shine on, shed light on, illuminate. Shine brightly. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

照臨 [py] zhao4lin2 [wg] chao-lin [ko] chorim [ja] ショウリン shourin ||| (1) To illuminate the surrounding area from a high place. (2) A powerful man in a high position influences the people. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

照見 [py] zhao4jian4 [wg] chao-hsien [ko] chogyôn [ja] ショウケン shouken ||| Shed light on, illuminate. To observe clearly; to determine by seeing; to come to understand. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

煩勞 [py] fan2lao2 [wg] fan-lao [ko] pônno [ja] ボンロウ bonrou ||| Affliction, difficulty, suffering. 〔二障義、 HPC 1.789c〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

煩惱 [py] fan2nao3 [wg] fan-nao [ko] pônnoe [ja] ボンノウ bonnou ||| (Skt. kle`sa; Tib. non mo.ns pa) (1) Defilement(s), afflictions. Evil passion, carnal desire. All of the thoughts, words, actions and emotions which arise and cease based on ignorance and desire which keep human beings trapped in the cycle of birth and death, and which result in suffering. (2) In the Yogaacaara school, 煩惱 comprises one of the groups of elements outlined in their doctrine. In this case, the term refers specifically to the six "primary" defilements of greed (貪), anger (瞋), ignorance (癡), pride (慢), doubt (疑), and wrong views (惡見). From these fundamental six defilements are derived the more numerous secondary defilements 隨煩惱. [Dictionary References] naka1273c [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

煩惱品 [py] fan2nao3pin3 [wg] fan-nao-p'in [ko] pônnoep'um [ja] ボンノウボン bonnoubon ||| The category of defilement; same as 染品. 〔瑜伽論T 1579.30.284c〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

煩惱碍 [py] fan2nao3ai4 [wg] fan-nao-ai [ko] pônnoeae [ja] ボンノウゲ bonnouge ||| See fannaozhang 煩惱障 [Credit] acm(entry)

煩惱礙 [py] fan2nao3ai4 [wg] fan-nao-ai [ko] pônnoeae [ja] ボンノウゲ bonnouge ||| See fannaozhang 煩惱障. [Dictionary References] naka1273c [Credit] acm(entry)

煩惱障 [py] fan2nao3 zhang4 [wg] fan-nao-chang [ko] pônnoejang [ja] ボンノウショウ bonnoushou ||| The 'hindrances due to defilement.' The evil passions of ignorance, anger, greed and so forth prevent one's realization of nirvaana, and therefore are called 'hindrances.' These hindrances are considered by Mahaayaana schools such as Yogaacaara to be a more coarse, and can be removed by the moral and meditative practices of arhats and pratyekabuddhas (kle`sa-aavara.na). The hindrances due to defilement are named in contrast to the hindrances by the known (所知障), which together, comprise the two hindrances 二障. The seeds of these hindrances are contained in the first seven "transforming consciousnesses" 轉識 and not in the base consciousness 阿頼耶識. 〔二障義HPC 1.810b〕 [Dictionary References] naka1274a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

熏習 [py] xun1xi2 [wg] hsün-hsi [ko] hunsûp [ja] クンジュ kunjuu ||| "Perfumation." (1) To be permeated with an odor. To receive an impression. For one thing to have an effect on another thing, especially by habituation. The function of one thing gradually being conditioned by another. As clothes which have been exposed to perfume gradually come to have that same smell of themselves, our own activities of word, thought and deed leave an influence on our mind. (2) In Consciousness-only theory, unmanifest karma is sown as a "seed" in the aalaya-vij~naana. That which is the result of this perfumation are called "habit energies" 習氣 (vaasanaa) which again produce new karmas. (3) In the Awakening of Faith 起信論, purity and impurity permeate each other. The permeation of true thusness by ignorance produces sa.msaara, while the permeation of ignorance by true thusness produces nirvaana. See 四種法熏習. [Credit] acm(entry) ps(py)

熟變 [py] shu2bian4 [wg] shu-pien [ko] sukpyôn [ja] ジュクヘン jukuhen ||| Transformation in accordance with the fruition of karma. 〔倶舎論、 T 1558.29.0048.c16〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

燃燈 [py] ran2deng1 [wg] jan-teng [ko] yôndûng [ja] ネントウ entou ||| (1) A burning lamp; a light. (2) Diipankara 'light causer,' a buddha of the past. The buddha seen after the second incalculable eon of practices. Also written 然燈佛. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)