目想 [py] mu4xiang3 [wg] mu-hsiang [ko] moksang [ja] モクソウ mokusou ||| Mental images derived from what one has seen with the eyes. HPC 7.167a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

目?連 [py] Mujianlian [wg] Mu-chien-lian [ko] Mokkonyôn [ja] モッケンレン Mokkenren ||| See mulian 目連. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

目連 [py] Mu4lian2 [wg] Mu-lien [ko] Mogyôn [ja] モクレン Mokuren ||| Maudgalyaayana, one of the ten principal disciples of `Saakyamuni, renowned for his occult powers. He was born in Kolita, a northern area of Raajagraha in Magadha. Prior to his conversion to Buddhism, he was, along with `Saariputra, a disciple of the skeptic philosopher Sa~njaya. He was especially famous for his development of supernatural powers, and is said to have accomplished many miracles during his association with the sangha. [Credit] acm(entry) ps(py)

相似 [py] xiang1si4 [wg] hsiang-ssu [ko] sangsa [ja] ソウジ souji ||| Resemblance, similarity. To simulate. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相依 [py] xiang1yi1 [wg] hsiang-i [ko] sangûi [ja] ソウエ soue ||| Existence based on mutual dependence. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相分 [py] xiang1 fen1 [wg] hsiang-fen [ko] sangbun [ja] ソウブン soubun ||| 'Objective aspect.' One of the four aspects of perception in Consciousness-only theory as explained by Dharmapaala. It generally means 'object of perception' but more specifically, that image of the outside world that is kept within the mind. In this case, the character xiang 相 means 'image' or 'reflection.' Since this aspect means object(s) of perception, it does not have an active conceptual function. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相即 [py] xiang1ji2 [wg] hsiang-chi [ko] sangjûk [ja] ソウソク sousoku ||| The union of two phenomena, whereby they lose their distinction and become one. Not different. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相反 [py] xiang1fan3 [wg] hsiang-fan [ko] sangban [ja] ソウホン souhan ||| Contradictory, opposing. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相唯識 [py] xiang1 wei2shi4 [wg] hsiang-wei-shih [ko] sang'yusik [ja] ソウユイシキ souyuishiki ||| "Aspect of Consciousness-only." The teaching that the known world is a collection of the aspects of all dharmas, but is nothing but consciousness. Investigating the characteristics of the world. The ideograph 相 refers to the phenomenal world. This aspect of Consciousness-only is explained through the first four levels of apprehension of Consciousness-only. This is in contrast to xingweishi 性唯識 which is the true principle of Consciousness-only. 相唯識 is a category that explains the manifest appearances of consciousness, and it refers to all existences (法) of the nature of dependent arising that are established within true thusness. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相因 [py] xiang1yin1 [wg] hsiang-yin [ko] sang'in [ja] ソウイン souin ||| (lak.sa.na-hetu). (1) The characteristic of karma wherein there is continual arising without cease--no break between prior instant and later instant. One of the 'six kinds of causes' 六種因. (2) The cause of a characteristic. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相好 [py] xiang1hao3 [wg] hsiang-hao [ko] sangho [ja] ソウゴウ sougou ||| The primary and secondary marks of the Buddha's body, of which there are 32 and 18 respectively (lak.sa.naanuvyanjana). Excellent characteristics. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相好荘嚴 [py] xiang1hao3 zhuang1yan2 [wg] hsiang-hao chuang-yen [ko] sangho changôm [ja] ソウゴウショウゴン sougoushougon ||| Adorned by excellent characteristics. A description of the body of the Buddha. These are the 32 primary characteristics and the 18 secondary characteristics. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相宗 [py] xiang1zong1 [wg] hsiang-tsung [ko] sangjong [ja] ソウシュウ soushuu ||| A school or teaching that emphasizes research into the mode of all existences, i.e., the Abhidharmako`sa school or the Faxiang school. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相對 [py] xiang1dui4 [wg] hsiang-t'ui [ko] sangdae [ja] ソウタイ soutai ||| As opposed to; as compared to; in relation to. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相待 [py] xiang1dai4 [wg] hsiang-ti [ko] sangdae [ja] ソウダイ soudai ||| (1) Interdependence, for example, heads and tails are established in their relation to each other (apek.saa, apek.sana). (2) To obtain reciprocity or symmetry. (3) To meet each other; to treat one another. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相應 [py] xiang1ying1 [wg] hsiang-ying [ko] sang'ûng [ja] ソウオウ sou-ou ||| (anvita, yukti, sa.mbandha, sa.mprayoga). 'Response', 'accordance.' (1) Those things which are grouped together under the main topic of a teaching. (2) To accompany, to be involved in (anvita). (3) To be bound together, existent together. Binding, bound relationship, relationship, concomitant (yukti, sa.mbandha). (4) The concomitance of mind with mental functions. (5) In the theory of Consciousness-only, union, or combination of the mind and its functions. The mind and mental functions arise from the same sensory faculty, serving as the agent, and possess the same objects, symbols, time and original quality (sa.mprayoga). (6) Accordance with true principle (yoga). [Dictionary References] naka865b [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相應法 [py] xiang1ying1fa3 [wg] hsiang-ying-fa [ko] sangûngpôp [ja] ソウオウホウ sououhou ||| (1) Concomitant elements (dharmas); the mind 心 and mental objects 心所, which are bound to each other. (2) The mental objects 心所. 〔二障義HPC 1.790a〕 [Dictionary References] naka865a [Credit] acm(entry)

相應縛 [py] xiang1ying1fu2 [wg] hsiang-ying-fu [ko] sang'ûngpak [ja] ソウオウバク sououbaku ||| Binding defilements that arise concomitant with each thought, which are temporary in nature. These are contrasted to 所縁縛, which arise in connection with external objects. 〔二障義HPC 1.806c24〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

相無性 [py] xiang1 wu2xing4 [wg] hsiang-wu-hsing [ko] sangmusông [ja] ソウムショウ soumushou ||| One of the three 'non-natures' (三無性) of the Yogaacaara school. The lack of self-nature of appearance. Form, appearance, or seeing is unreal, e.g., a rope appearing like a snake. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相續 [py] xiang1xu4 [wg] hsiang-hsü [ko] sangsok [ja] ソウゾク souzoku ||| (1) Continuity, succession, inheritance. Union, link, fusion. (2) Continuing individual existence. Eternal, unchanging continual individual substance (body). (3) The continuity of an unbroken lineage of a school from master to disciple. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相續解脱地波羅蜜了義經 [py] Xiang1xu4 jie3tuo1di4 bo1luo2mi4 liao3yi4jing1 [wg] Hsiang-hsü chieh-t'o-ti p'o-lo-mi liao-i-ching [ko] Sangsok haet'alji p'aramil ryoûigyông [ja] ソウゾクカイダツチハラミツリョウギキョウ Souzoku gedatsuchi haramitsu ryougikyou ||| Xiangxu jietuodi poluomi liaoyijing; (Sa.mdhinirmocana-suutra [partial]). 1 fasc., trans. Gunabhadra T 678.16.711-719. Also see T 675, 676. [Credit] acm(entry)

相貌 [py] xiang4mao4 [wg] hsiang-mao [ko] sangmo [ja] ソウミョウ soumyou ||| (mukha). Looks, features, form, shape. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相違 [py] xiang1wei2 [wg] hsiang-wei [ko] sang'wi [ja] ソウ soui ||| (1) Opposing, contradictory (paraspara-viruddha, viruddha, virodha). (2) Different. To different. (viparyaaya, viparyayena, viparyayaad, vipariita). (3) An abbreviation of xiangweiyin 相違因. (4) To be at odds with reality, or correct reason. [Dictionary References] naka864 [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

相違因 [py] xiang-wei-yin [wg] hsiang-wei-yin [ko] sang'wiin [ja] ソウイイン souiin ||| Causes of contradiction or conflict, of which there are six kinds (六相違因) taught in the Yogaacaara-bhuumi-`saastra; one of the ten causes 十因 elaborated in the same portion of the text of the Yogaacaara-bhuumi. 〔瑜伽論T 1579.30.501a-b〕　 [Dictionary References] soot309 naka864c [Credit] acm(entry)

看經 [py] kan4jing1 [wg] kan-ching [ko] kangyông [ja] カンキョウ kankyou ||| To read and study the scriptures. To read them in quiet, as opposed to chanting aloud. To read the scriptures carefully and intently. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞如 [py] zhen1ru2 [wg] chen-ju [ko] chinyô [ja] シンニョ shinnyo ||| (tathataa); 'true thusness,' suchness. Things as they are. For something to be as it is. The establishment of reality as empty. 'Reality-nature', the nature of existence. (4) Universally pervading principle. The existence of the mind as true reality. 'As-it-is-ness.'(tattva) The source of all existence. [Dictionary References] naka785d [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞如無爲 [py] zhen1ru2 wu2wei2 [wg] chen-ju wu-wei [ko] chinyô muui [ja] シンニョムイ shinnyomui ||| 'Suchness.' One of the six unconditioned existences (dharmas) in Consciousness-only theory. True reality is the real nature of all existences, yet zhenru 眞如 is called an 'unconditioned existence' due to the notion that even the awakened wisdom of the Buddha is in itself not really 'true reality', since the wisdom of enlightenment is classified as a conditioned existence. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞如相 [py] zhen1ru2 xiang1 [wg] chen-ju-hsiang [ko] chinyôsang [ja] シンニョソウ shinnyosou ||| The eighth of the 'ten dedications of merit' of the path of the bodhisattva. The stage where the bodhisattva, using the wisdom of the middle path, clarifies existence and non-existence, and sees that everything is the reality-realm. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞妄 [py] zhen1wang4 [wg] chen-wang [ko] chinmang [ja] シンモウ shinmou ||| Truth and falsity. That which arises conditioned by ignorance is falsity, that which arises conditioned by religious practice is truth. [Dictionary References] naka787a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞妄交徹 [py] zhen1wang4 jiao1che4 [wg] chen-wang chiao-ch'e [ko] chinmang kyoch'ôl [ja] シンモウコウテツ shinmoukoutetsu ||| Interpenetration of the true and the false. (Awakening of Faith). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞實 [py] zhen1shi2 [wg] chen-shih [ko] chinsil [ja] シンジツ shinjitsu ||| (uttama-artha, tathaatva, tattva). (1) The form of something, the way it is. (2) True and not false. (3) Substantial, full, complete. (4) Substance, essence. (5) The most lofty truth. (6) The true or real teachings. [Dictionary References] naka782b [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞實愚 [py] zhen1shi2yu2 [wg] chen-shih-yü [ko] chinsilu [ja] シンジツグ shinjitsugu ||| Folly regarding reality. To be unclear in regard to a true principle, such as the Four Noble Truths. Same as 眞實義愚〔瑜伽論T 1579.30.322c〕 [Dictionary References] naka782d [Credit] acm(entry)

眞實義 [py] zhen1shi2yi4 [wg] chen-shih-i [ko] chinsilûi [ja] シンジツギ shinjitsugi ||| (1) True meaning, real meaning (artha). (2) Truth, reality (tattva, yathaa-artha). [Dictionary References] naka782c [Credit] acm(entry)

眞實義愚 [py] zhen1shi2yi4yu2 [wg] chen-shih-i-yü [ko] chinsilûiu [ja] シンジツギグ shinjitsugigu ||| Same as 眞實愚. 〔對法論T 1606.31.728c9〕 [Credit] acm(entry)

眞實行 [py] zhen1shi2 xing2 [wg] chen-shih-hsing [ko] chinsilhaeng [ja] シンジツギョウ shinjitsugyou ||| 'Practicing reality' 'attaining to the true principle.' The tenth of the 'ten practices' 十行 stages in the path of bodhisattvahood. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞影 [py] zhen1ying3 [wg] chen-ying [ko] chinyông [ja] シンエイ shin'ei ||| (1) True shape, true form. (2) The painted or carved image of a famous saint. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞心直説 [py] Zhen1xin1 zhi2shuo1 [wg] Chen-hsin chih-shuo [ko] Chinsim chiksôl [ja] シンシンジキセツ Shinshin jikisetsu ||| Chinsim chiksôl (Straight Talk on the True Mind). by Chinul 智訥; HPC 4.715a-723c. This work is divided into fifteen topical sections, each of which treats the relationship between the true mind and its various phenomenal manifestations in terms of essence-function. [Credit] acm(entry)

眞智 [py] zhen1zhi4 [wg] chen-chih [ko] chinchi [ja] シンチ shinchi ||| True wisdom, which is based on an awareness of the emptiness of all things. As contrasted with "worldly wisdom" shisuzhi 世俗智. 〔莊嚴經論、T 1604.31.653c〕 [Dictionary References] naka785c [Credit] acm(entry)

眞相 [py] zhen1xiang4 [wg] chen-hsiang [ko] chinsang [ja] シンソウ shinsou ||| The truth, the facts, the real situation. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞表 [py] Zhen1biao3 [wg] Chen-piao [ko] Chinp'yo [ja] シンヒョウ Shinhyou ||| Chinp'yo; a Silla monk of the eighth century who was a major scholar in the area of Consciousness-only/dharma-characteristic (唯識・ 法相) philosophy. [Credit] acm(entry)

眞覺 [py] Zhen1jue2 [wg] Chen-hsüeh [ko] Chin'gak [ja] シンカク Shingaku daishi ||| (1) 眞覺大師 Zhenxiao Dashi; See 雪峰義存Xuefeng Yicun. (2) 眞覺國師 Chingak kuksa; the posthumous title of Hyesim 慧�ｪ; the leading student of Chinul 智訥. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞觀 [py] zhen1guan1 [wg] chen-kuan [ko] chingwan [ja] シンカン shinkan ||| (1) Correct contemplation; true observation. 〔二障義HPC 1.792c〕(2) Observation of the truth; observation of the principle of reality. (3) The true eye. (`subha-locana) 〔觀音經T 262.9.58a〕 [Dictionary References] naka780a [Credit] acm(entry)

眞訣 [py] zhen1jue2 [wg] chen-chüeh [ko] chingyôl [ja] シンケツ shinketsu ||| The most profound meaning of true reality. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眞諦 [py] Zhen1di4 [wg] Chen-ti [ko] Chinch'e [ja] シンタイ Shintai ||| Paramaartha (499-569) also read Shindai in Japanese. A scholar-monk of brahman background from Ujayinii in the Avanti region of Western India, who become one of the "four great translators" in Chinese Buddhist history. After traveling throughout India, he came to Guangzhou by sea route in 546. In response to the request of the emperor Wu of Liang 梁武帝 (r. 502-549) of the southern court, he came to Jiankang 建康 where he undertook the translation of Buddhist texts as a way of bringing peace to a land long torn by military struggles. Among the 64 works in the 278 fascicles that he translated, were such influential scriptural texts as the Suvarna-prabhaasa-(uttama)-suutra 金光明經, the Mahaayaana-sa.mgraha 攝大乘論 and the Madhyaanta-vibhaaga 中邊分別論. He is also attributed with the translation of the Awakening of Mahaayaana Faith 大乘起信論, but there is some doubt about this. His work on the Mahaayaana-sa.mgraha would cause that text to become very influential as an arbiter of the Mahaayaana/Hiinayaana discussion, such that Paramaartha would eventually come to be regarded as the founder of the Mahaayaana-sa.mgraha school 攝論宗. [Dictionary References] iwa467b [Credit] acm(entry)

眼光 [py] yan3guang1 [wg] yen-kuang [ko] angwang [ja] ゲンコウ genkou ||| Glint of the eye, discernment, insight. Vision; the ability to see to the heart of the matter. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眼力 [py] yan3li4 [wg] yen-li [ko] anyôk [ja] ゲンリキ ganriki ||| Insight, discernment, perceptiveness. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眼根 [py] yan3gen1 [wg] yen-ken [ko] angûn [ja] ゲンコン genkon ||| (cak.sur-indriya). One of the five (or six) sense faculties. That which the production of the eye-consciousness depends upon. Accomplished depending upon the four gross elements (四大). Having a pure essential nature which is invisible, is called a 'transcendent faculty.' The eyeball, which is visible, is called a "world supporting organ" (扶塵根), which depends upon the 'transcendent faculty' (勝義根). Blindness is said to be a case where the physical eye is present, but the faculty of seeing is not, so that there is no ability to arise eye consciousness. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眼目 [py] yan3mu4 [wg] yen-mu [ko] anmok [ja] ゲンモク genmoku ||| (1) Eyeball. (2) Core, point, gist, essence. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

眼花 [py] yan3 hua1 [wg] yen-hua [ko] anhwa [ja] ゲンケ genke ||| "Flowers in the eyes;" a metaphor for blurred vision. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

睡眠 [py] shui4mian2 [wg] shui-min [ko] sumyôn [ja] スイミン suimin ||| (Skt. middha; Pali middha) 'drowsiness.' (1) The mental function of the mind to darken, or become drowsy. One of the 'undetermined (nature) elements' 不定地法 in the Abhidharma-ko`sa-bhaasya. (2) To sleep. (3) Delusion. (stiina-middha) [Dictionary References] naka807a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

瞋恚 [py] chen1hui4 [wg] ch'en-hui [ko] chin'e [ja] シンイ shin'i ||| Anger, rage, scorn (kruddhi). Also commonly expressed with either of these logographs along. To be angry at that which is disagreeable to oneself. To become angry. Malice, hatred. The term is often written simply with the first ideograph. (2) One of the 'three poisons' (三毒), along with desire and ignorance. To become wholly embroiled with malice and commit evil deeds (dvesa). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

瞋恨 [py] chen1hen4 [wg] ch'en-hen [ko] chinhan [ja] シンコン shinkon ||| Grudge, hatred, malice, bitterness. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)