明主 [py] ming2zhu3 [wg] ming-chu [ko] myôngju [ja] ミョウシュ myoushu ||| A wise and honest ruler. [Dictionary References] naka1307 [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

明了 [py] ming2liao3 [wg] ming-liao [ko] myôngyo [ja] ミョウリョウ myouryou ||| (uttaana-kriyaa). To clarify. To understand clearly. [Credit] acm(entry)

明友 [py] Ming2you3 [wg] Ming-yu [ko] Myôngu [ja] ミョウユウ Myouyuu ||| A Chinese translation of the name Prabhaakaramitra, usually transcribed as 波羅迦頗蜜多羅. [Credit] acm(entry)

明得 [py] ming2 de2 [wg] ming-te [ko] myôngdûk [ja] ミョウトク myoutoku ||| Another name for the first of the 'four good roots,' that is, 'warmth' (煖). In the way of the brightness just before sunrise, one has the predilection of the wisdom of awakening. This stage is called 'bright attainment.' [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

明暗 [py] ming2an4 [wg] ming-an [ko] myông'am [ja] ミョウアン myouan ||| Light and darkness. Illumination and shadow. (aaloka-tamas)〔中論T 1564.30.1a-39c〕 [Dictionary References] naka1306c [Credit] acm(entry)

明行走 [py] ming2 xing2zou3 [wg] ming-hsing-tsu [ko] myônghaengju [ja] ミョウギョウサク myougyousaku ||| (vidyaa-carana-sa.mpanna). One who has consummated knowledge and practice. One of the ten epithets of the Buddha. Originally a Jain term that was borrowed by the Buddhists. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

明闇 [py] ming2an4 [wg] ming-an [ko] myôngam [ja] ミョウアン myouan ||| Light and darkness. (aaloka-tamasii) 〔瑜伽論T 1579.30.501b〕 [Dictionary References] naka1306c [Credit] acm(entry)

是故 [py] shi4gu4 [wg] shih-ku [ko] zeko, konoyueni [ja] ゼコ shiko ||| (1) Therefore, so; for this (that) reason. Because of this. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

是非 [py] shi4fei1 [wg] shih-fei [ko] shibi [ja] ゼヒ zehi ||| Yes and no; right and wrong; positive and negative. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

時教 [py] shi2 jiao1 [wg] shih-chiao [ko] shigyo [ja] ジキョウ jikyou ||| Classification of doctrine based upon time period. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普化 [py] Pu3hua4 [wg] P'u-hua [ko] Pohwa [ja] フケ Fuke ||| Puhua; a Chinese Chan master of the Tang period, who was a of the lineage of Mazu Daoyi 馬祖 道一 as well as a contemporary and good friend of Linji Yixuan 臨濟義玄. A lineage of Chan was founded upon his influence. He was a bit of an iconoclastic and playful character, known for exhibiting strange behavior and feats of magic. He was famous for walking and singing while ringing a small bell. Shortly after his death, the sound of this bell was to be heard in the vicinity of his coffin. [Dictionary References] ui0912 [Credit] acm(entry)

普? [py] pu3bian [wg] p'u-pien [ko] pobyôn [ja] フヘン fuhen ||| To pervade universally. [Dictionary References] naka1181c [Credit] acm(entry)

普徳 [py] Pu3de2 [wg] P'u-te [ko] Podôk [ja] フトク Futoku ||| Podôk A Koguryô monk who was exiled to Silla during the time of Wônhyo 元曉. A reputed expert on the Nirvaana Sutra 涅槃經. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普愚 [py] Pu3yu2 [wg] P'u-yü [ko] Pou [ja] フグ Fugu ||| Pou　(1301-1382); a Koryô Sôn monk from 洪州, commonly known by his Buddhist name of T'aego 太古. He entered the sangha at age 13, is said to have become determined to resolve his doubt-mass at the age of 19, and succeeded to penetrate the mu kong'an 無公安 and experience deep enlightenment at the age of 30. In 1341 he took up residence at Chunghûngsa 重興寺 of Mt. Samgak 三角山, where he gathered many students. He constructed a hermitage to the east of the temple, which he called T'aego, and there he wrote the Kailp'yôn 歌一篇. He later wrote the Sanjungjallakka 山中自樂歌. He was subsequently invited to be royal teacher 王師 and national teacher 國師. He was a transmitter of the Imje (Linji 臨濟) style of Sôn in the tradition of Ta-hui 大慧, emphasizing reflection on the hwadu 話頭. He was famous for his poetry, which was collected by his students. [Dictionary References] ZGD1063d [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普爲乘教 [py] pu3wei2 sheng4jiao1 [wg] p'u-wei-sheng-chiao [ko] pouisûnggyo [ja] フイジョウキョウ fuijoukyou ||| The "teaching that encompasses all vehicles." So called because it includes the five vehicles. Another name for the Faxiang sect. This is a term that is often used by the Faxiang school to refer to itself and was originated by Kuiji (窺基). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普眼 [py] pu3 yan3 [wg] p'u-yen [ko] poan [ja] フゲン fugen ||| 'Pervasive vision,' 'universal eyes.' (1) The compassionate eyes of Avalokite`svara that see all sentient beings. (2) The perception that all things are contained in one thing. (3) One of the twelve bodhisattvas that serves as an interlocutor in the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment (圓覺經); the title of the third chapter of the same sutra. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普覺 [py] pu3jue2 [wg] p'u-chiao [ko] pogak [ja] フカク fukaku ||| 'Pervasive (Universal) Enlightenment'; one of the twelve bodhisattvas of the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment 圓覺經 (Yuanjue jing). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普賢 [py] Pu3xian2 [wg] P'u-hsien [ko] Pohyôn [ja] フゲン Fugen ||| "Universal Goodness;" The bodhisattva Samantabhadra. He represents the practice and meditation of all the Buddhas, as contrasted to Ma~nju`srii (文殊) who represents wisdom and realization. He is the right-hand attendant of `Saakyamuni Buddha, and is often portrayed mounted on a white elephant. He serves as an interlocutor to the Buddha in many Mahaayaana sutras. (2) The interlocutor bodhisattva who speaks in the second chapter of the Sutra of Perfect Enlightenment 圓覺經. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普賢境界 [py] pu3xian2 jing4jie4 [wg] p'u-hsien-ching-chieh [ko] pohyôngyônggye [ja] フゲンキョウカイ fugenkyoukai ||| The 'Realm of Samantabhadra.' In Huayan teaching, the realm known by the great faculties of the Single Vehicle bodhisattva Samantabhadra. The aspect of the reality realm that is perceived by people who are not yet buddhas is expressed as the realm of Samantabhadra. This is because Samantabhadra is the bodhisattva of meditation and practice, which can be explained, as opposed to the realm of wisdom of Ma~nju`srii 文殊 which is inexplicable. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

普賢觀經 [py] Pu3xian2 guan1 jing1 [wg] P'u-hsien kuan ching [ko] Pohyôn kwan kyông [ja] フゲンカンキョウ Fugen kan kyou ||| Puxian guan jing; Full title: (佛説) 觀普賢菩薩行法經. [Credit] acm(entry)

普遍 [py] pu3bian4 [wg] p'u-pien [ko] pop'yôn [ja] フヘン fuhen ||| To pervade universally. 〔二障義HPC 1.791c〕 [Dictionary References] naka1181c [Credit] acm(entry)

普雨 [py] Pu3yu3 [wg] P'u-yu [ko] Pou [ja] フウ Fu-u ||| Pou (1515-1565); a Sôn monk of the Chosôn period. He lived during a period where there was a bit of relaxation of the suppression of Buddhism due to the influence of the queen dowager Munjông (文定王后), who, as a devout Buddhist, took control of the government in the stead of her young son Myôngjong (明宗 r. 1545-67), and immediately repealed many anti-Buddhist measures. [Credit] acm(entry)

景閑 [py] Jing3xian2 [wg] Ching-hsien [ko] kyônghan [ja] キョウカン Kyoukan ||| Kyônghan (1299-1375) A prominent Koryô Sôn monk; also known by the dharma-name of Paegun 白雲. He was initiated into Buddhism by 石屋 and was contemporary and colleague of the renowned T'aego Pou 太古普愚. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智儼 [py] Zhi4yan3 [wg] Chih-yen [ko] Chiôm [ja] チゴン Chigon ||| Zhiyan (602-668) The second patriarch of the official Chinese Huayan lineage. The teacher of Fazang 法藏 and Ûisang 義湘. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智光 [py] zhi4 guang1 [wg] chih-kuang [ko] chigwang [ja] チコウ chikou ||| The light of wisdom. [Dictionary References] naka952a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智周 [py] Zhi4zhou1 [wg] Chih-chou [ko] Chiju [ja] チシュウ Chishuu ||| Zhizhou (668-723) A teacher of the lineage of the Faxiang 法相 in China. He is considered as either the third or fourth patriarch of the sect depending upon whether Xuangzang 玄奘 is considered to be the first. He wrote the Cheng weishi lun yanmi (成唯識論演秘). His Yanmi (演秘), Kuiji's Shouyao (成唯識論樞要) and Shouji (成唯識論述記) and Chengweishilun liaoyi deng (成唯識論了義燈) are considered basic reading for the student of Consciousness-only. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智嚴 [py] Zhi4yan2 [wg] Chih-yen [ko] Chiôm [ja] チゴン Chigon ||| Chiôm (1464-1534) A Korean Sôn monk of the Chosôn. [Credit] acm(entry)

智度論 [py] Zhi4du4 lun4 [wg] Chih-tu lun [ko] Chidoron [ja] チドロン Chidoron ||| The Mahaapraj~naapaaramitaa-`saastra; see Dazhidulun 大智度論 (T 1509.25.57c-756b). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智慧 [py] zhi4hui4 [wg] chih-hui [ko] chihye [ja] チエ chie ||| (Skt. praj~naa, Pali pa~n~naa): 'wisdom.' An important aspect of the correctly functioning (enlightened) mind which perceives things in their true nature, and therefore acts to sever delusion and harmful habituation. One of the 'six perfections' 六波羅蜜. [Dictionary References] naka950b [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智昇 [py] Zhi4sheng1 [wg] Chih-sheng [ko] Chisûng [ja] チショウ Chishou ||| a Tang scholar who compiled one of the most important catalogs of the Chinese Buddhist canon, entitled KaiYuan shijiao lu 開元釋教録, which he completed in 730. [Credit] acm(entry)

智�� [py] Zhi4yi [wg] Chih-i [ko] Chiûi [ja] チギ Chigi ||| Zhiyi(538-597). Fourth patriarch (de-facto founder) of the Tiantai (天台) sect in China. Zhiyi is famous for being the first in the history of Chinese Buddhism to elaborate a complete, critical and systematic classification of the Buddhist teachings, in order to explain the seemingly contradictory doctrines of Buddhism. He developed the practice of zhiguan (止觀) meditation. Among his many important works are the Mohe zhiguan 摩訶止觀 and the Liu miaofamen 六妙法門. [Credit] acm(entry)

智用 [py] zhi4yong4 [wg] chih-yung [ko] chiyong [ja] チヨウ chiyou ||| The function of wisdom. [Dictionary References] naka953d [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智相 [py] zhi4xiang1 [wg] chi-hsiang [ko] chisang [ja] チソウ chisou ||| (1) The luminosity of Buddhahood. (2) In the Awakening of Faith 大乘起信論, one of the "six coarse marks," the "Mark of Awareness." The function of awareness which leads to discernment of purity and impurity, giving rise to like and dislike. [Dictionary References] naka952d [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智眼 [py] zhi4yan3 [wg] chih-yen [ko] chian [ja] チゲン chigen ||| The eye of wisdom possessed by the buddhas, asa contrasted with the physical eye 肉眼 of unenlightened sentient beings. (buddha-caksus) 〔寶性論T 1611.31.823b〕 [Dictionary References] naka951d [Credit] acm(entry)

智碍 [py] zhi4ai4 [wg] chih-ai [ko] chiae [ja] チゲ chige ||| See 智礙. [Credit] acm(entry)

智礙 [py] zhi4ai4 [wg] chih-ai [ko] chiae [ja] チゲ chige ||| The 'hindrance of wisdom' (j~neya-aavara.na). The more subtle of the Two Hindrances to Buddhahood, the less subtle being the hindrance of defilements-- 煩惱礙. "Hindrance" in this context is more commonly written with the ideograph 障. See 二障. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智稱 [py] Zhi4cheng1 [wg] Chih-ch'eng [ko] Chich'ing [ja] チショウ Chishou ||| Chich'ing (1113-1192); a major Hwaôm scholar of the Koryô dynasty. [Credit] acm(entry)

智縁滅 [py] zhi4yuan2mie4 [wg] chih-yüan-mieh [ko] chiyônmyôl [ja] チエンメツ chienmetsu ||| Cessation (nirvaana) attained by the full understanding of dependent origination. Equivalent in meaning to zemie 擇滅. "Extinction by analysis." [Dictionary References] naka951b [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智者 [py] zhi4zhe3 [wg] chih-che [ko] chija [ja] チシャ chisha ||| A learned person, a worthy, a scholar (pandita). [Dictionary References] naka952a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智藏 [py] Zhi4zang4 [wg] Chih-tsang [ko] Chijang [ja] チゾウ Chizou ||| Zhizang, at least three of whom are mentioned in reference sources. (1) One of the three great dharma-masters of the Liang 梁. He is said to have left home at the age of 16, entering Xinghuang si 興皇寺 in 470. After studying together with SengYuan 僧遠 and Sengyou 僧祐 under Hongzong 弘宗 at Dinglin si 定林寺, he became known for his scholarly accomplishments, and subsequently traveled to many regions of China, lecturing on the buddhadharma, while at the same time maintaining a strict regimen of religious training for himself. He received the vow of faith from Emperor Wu 武帝 of Liang, and then spent a period of time lecturing at Pengchengsi 彭城寺. After this, he retired to a life of seclusion at Kaishan si 開善寺, and passed away in 522 at the age of 65. Although he is said to have written numerous treatises and commentaries on Buddhist canonical works, these have not survived to the present. (2) Chinese Chan teacher of the Tang period, originally from Qianhua 虔化. He entered the Buddhist order at a young age, and soon traveled to Jianyang 建陽, where he became the student of Mazu Daoyi 馬祖道一, receiving the mind-seal together with Baizhang Huaihai 百丈懷海. He subsequently taught Chan at 西堂寺 in 虔州. He is known for having taught students from various foreign countries, including such important later masters as Toûi 道義, Hongch'ôk 洪陟 and Hyech'ôl 慧徹from the Silla dynasty in Korea. He passed away in 814 at the age of eighty. (3) (7th century) Member of the Sanlun 三論 school from the Wu 呉 dynasty. Began his Buddhist studies as a youth under the tutelage of Huiguan 慧灌 from Yuanxing si 元興寺. Later entered the Tang to study under Jizang 吉蔵, where he become known as an expert of Sanlun philosophy. Later on studied and taught at Falong si 法隆寺. His dates of birth and death are not known. He was the teacher of Daoci 道慈, Zhiguang 智光 and Liguang 禮光. [Dictionary References] ZGD848c ui729b [Credit] acm(entry)

智行 [py] zhi4xing2 [wg] chih-hsing [ko] chihaeng [ja] チギョウ chigyou ||| Wisdom and its associated practices. In the context of the six paramitas, this would be praj~naapaaramitaa and the other remaining paramitas of charity, moral discipline, forbearance, effort and concentration. 〔瑜伽論T 1579.30.624c28〕 [Dictionary References] naka951c [Credit] acm(entry)

智? [py] Zhi4yin2 [wg] Chih-yin [ko] Chiûn [ja] チギン Chigon ||| Chiûn; a Korean Sôn monk of the early Chosôn period. Exact dates unknown. He is the author of the Chôngmyôl sichung non 寂滅示衆論 (HPC 7.280-286) [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智論 [py] Zhi4lun4 [wg] Chih-lun [ko] Chiron [ja] チロン Chiron ||| Zhilun; an abbreviation for Dazhidulun 大智度論 (T 1509). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智通 [py] zhi4 tong1 [wg] Chih-t'ung [ko] Chit'ong [ja] チツウ Chitsuu ||| ChitsuuA Japanese monk of the Hossou sect. In 657,　in accord with an imperial decree, he went together with Chidatsu (智達), taking a Korean boat to China. He studied with Xuangzang 玄奘, learning the Faxiang 法相 doctrine. Upon returning to Japan, he taught as the second line of transmission of the Hossou sect in Japan. Subsequently, he founded Kannonji in Izumi (Osaka). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智達 [py] Zhi4da2 [wg] Chih-ta [ko] Chidal [ja] チダツ Chidatsu ||| ChidatsuA Japanese monk of the Hossou sect. His dates of birth and death, family name and residence are uncertain. He went to China, together with Chitsuu (智通) and studied Consciousness-only with Hsüan-tsang. After returning to Japan, he lived at Gangoji and taught the doctrine of the Hossou school. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智障 [py] zhi4zhang4 [wg] chih-chang [ko] chijang [ja] チショウ chishou ||| The "hindrance of wisdom" also known as the suozhizhang 所知障 or "hindrance by what is known" (j~neya-aavara.na). One of the two hindrances, the other being the hindrance of defilements 煩惱障. The hindrance to wisdom is considered to be much more profound, affecting religious practitioners of high attainment, whereas the hindrance of defilement affects lower-level practitioners. 〔二障義、 HPC 1.789c〕 [Dictionary References] naka952c [Credit] acm(entry)

智體 [py] zhi4ti3 [wg] chih-t'i [ko] chich'e [ja] チタイ chitai ||| The essence of wisdom. Wisdom as such; wisdom in itself. [Dictionary References] naka953a [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

智鳳 [py] Zhi4feng4 [wg] Chih-feng [ko] Chibong [ja] チホウ Chihou ||| ChihouThe third transmitter of the Faxiang 法相 sect to Japan. He went to China fifty-one years after Doshiyo, together with two other monks. Since Xuangzang 玄奘 and Kuiji had already passed away, he studied with the patriarch Jizhou (智周). After returning to Japan, he taught the doctrines of Consciousness-only to Giin. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

曉了 [py] xiao3liao3 [wg] hsiao-liao [ko] hyoryo [ja] ギョウリョウ gyouryou ||| To awaken. To fully understand. [Credit] acm(entry)

曠劫 [py] kuang4 ie2 [wg] k'uang-chieh [ko] kwanggôp [ja] コウゴウ kougou ||| A long time. Since ancient times. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)