比丘 [py] bi3qiu1 [wg] pi-ch'iu [ko] pigu [ja] ビク biku ||| A transcription of the Pali bhikkhu and Sanskrit bhik.su, which means "one who begs for food." The term was originally used in India to refer to the fourth stage of the brahmanistic life, wherein the householder would renounce the world, become a beggar and seek enlightenment. In Buddhism, it came to refer to a Buddhist (male) monk; a practitioner who has renounced the secular world and received the precepts. Roughly equivalent to the term `srama.na 沙門. In his commentary to the Diamond Sutra, Zongmi gives three definitions of the term bhik.su: (1) bumo 怖魔 "menacer of demons," (2) qishi 乞士 "begging knight" and (3) jingjie 淨戒 "pure in the precepts." [Credit] acm(entry) cp(add) cw(py)

比叡山 [py] Bi3rui4shan1 [wg] Pi-jui-shan [ko] Piyesan [ja] ヒエイザン Hieizan ||| Hieizan . A temple-mountain located in Shiga prefecture in Japan, near Kyoto. One of the oldest Buddhist centers in Japan, with a long history of eminent teachers who held great influence over Japanese Buddhism, especially during the Heian and Kamakura periods. It is the headquarters of the Japanese Tendai school 天台宗. [Dictionary References] je115b [Credit] acm(entry)

比知 [py] bi3zhi1 [wg] pi-chih [ko] pichi [ja] ヒチ hichi ||| Inference, deduction. (anumaana). Same as 比量. [Dictionary References] naka1120b [Credit] acm(entry)

比量 [py] bi3liang2 [wg] pi-liang [ko] piryang [ja] ヒリョウ hiryou ||| (1) Reasoning, inference, deduction, presumption; also includes the meaning of proof, or demonstration (anumaana). In Buddhist psychology this contains two aspects: inference for oneself and proof for others. (2) Wônhyo divides this into the two aspects of positing the truth 立正 and refuting the false 破邪. 〔二障義HPC 1.812c〕(3) In the early school of Hetu-vidyaa 因明 the ability to know about a first thing because of a second thing. For instance, seeing smoke, we know there is fire. Anumaana is one of three kinds of cognitive operation 三量. [Dictionary References] naka1120b [Credit] acm(entry)

毘奈耶 [py] pi2nai4ye2 [wg] p'i-nai-yeh [ko] pinaeya [ja] ビナヤ binaya ||| Chinese transcription of the Sanksrit/Pali vinaya, which is usually translated into Chinese as 律. The body of texts containing the precepts which serve as a guide for the behavior of Buddhist practitioners. Also transcribed as 毘那耶. [Dictionary References] naka1134d [Credit] acm(entry)

毘婆沙 [py] pi2po2sha1 [wg] p'i-p'o-sha [ko] pip'asa [ja] ビバシャ bibasha ||| A transcription of the Sanskrit vibhaasaa, meaning option, or alternative. A wider interpretation or a different explanation. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

毘婆沙論 [py] Pi2po2sha1 lun4 [wg] P'i-p'o-sha lun [ko] Pip'asaron [ja] ビバシャロン Bibasharon ||| The Vibhaasaa-`saastra was a philosophical treatise by Katyayaniputra. The Vaibhaasikas were followers of the school of existence. See Apitan piposha lun 阿毘曇毘婆沙論 (T 1545) and A-p'i-ta-mo ta-p'i-p'o-sha lun 阿毘達磨大毘婆沙論 (T 1546). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

毘梨耶 [py] pi2li2ye2 [wg] p'i-li-yeh [ko] piriya [ja] ビリヤ biriya ||| A transcription of the Sanskrit viirya, which means to make effort, endeavor, strive. Usually written in Chinese as 勤 (qin) or 精進 jingjin. One of the six perfections liu boluomi 六波羅蜜. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

毘盧舎那佛 [py] Pi2lu2she4na4 fo2 [wg] P'i-lu-shen-a-fo [ko] Pirosanabul [ja] ビロシャナブツ Biroshanabutsu ||| Also written 毘盧遮那. Vairocana Buddha. The word vairocana means "universal illumination" and was originally an Indian word for sun. This Buddha, whose wisdom penetrates everywhere, is a major symbol for the Huayan school. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

毘耶 [py] pi2ye2 [wg] P'i-yeh [ko] Piya [ja] ビヤ Biya ||| A reference to Vai`saali , the home of Vimalakiirti (維摩). [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

毘耶窟 [py] pi2ye2 ku1 [wg] p'i-yeh-k'u [ko] piyagul [ja] ビヤクツ biyakutsu ||| The "room at Vai`saali," which refers to Vimalakiirti's room, which is commonly rendered in Chan literature as 方丈, or "one square chang (approximately nine square meters). This is a term of respect which indicates the room of a head monk, or the head monk himself. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)

毘那耶 [py] pi2na4ye2 [wg] p'i-na-yeh [ko] pinaya [ja] ビナヤ binaya ||| Chinese transcription of the Sanksrit/Pali vinaya, which is usually translated into Chinese as 律. The body of texts containing the precepts which serve as a guide for the behavior of Buddhist practitioners. Also transcribed as 毘奈耶. [Credit] acm(entry)

毘鉢舎那 [py] pi2bo1she4na4 [wg] p'i-po-she-na [ko] pibalsana [ja] ビバッシャナ bibasshana ||| Also written 毘婆舎那. A transcription of the Sanskrit vipa`syanaa, the "observing" or "analytical" (觀) meditation taught in Buddhism along with `samatha (stabilizing 止) meditation. [Credit] acm(entry) cw(py)